出自:国家开放大学商务英语3
二、阅读理解（每题10分）
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容判断文章后的句子是正确（T）还是错误（F）。
Functions of Logistics
Logistics is the physical flow process of goods from the point of origin to the point of consumption concerning transportation, warehousing and storage, loading and unloading, goods handling, packing, distribution processing delivery and information management. For example, after a commercial transaction is done, logistics will carry out the transfer of goods from the seller to the buyer for the lowest cost and in the most effective manner. During the transfer process, logistics facilities, equipment (carriers), administration of information and standardization are needed.
Logistics has three major functions. Firstly, it creates time value. The same goods can be valued differently at different times. Goods are often in stagnation during the transfer process, which is called the storage of logistics. Secondly, it creates location value. The same goods can be valued differently at different locations. The value added during the transfer process is the location value of logistics. Thirdly, it creates distribution processing value. Sometimes the distribution processing changes the packages of the goods. That is, during this stage, it cuts large packages of goods into smaller parts, which creates added value for goods.
1. Logistics is the physical flow process of goods from the seller to the buyer. 回答
2. Administration of information and standardization are needed during the transfer process. 回答
3. Storage creates the location value for goods. 回答
4. The same goods can be valued differently at different times and locations. 回答
5. Large packages of goods should always be cut into smaller parts to create added value. 回答
二、阅读理解（每题10分）
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容给题目选择正确的答案。
The Importance of Information in the Supply Chain
Information is important because it provides the facts that supply chain managers use to make decisions. Without information, a manger will not know what customers want, how much inventory is in stock and when more products should be produced and shipped. In short, without information, a manager can only make decisions blindly.
Managers must understand how information is gathered and analyzed. This is where information technology comes into play. Information technology serves as the eyes and ears of management in a supply chain, capturing and delivering the information necessary to make a good decision. For instance, an IT system at a personal computer manufacturer may help a manager analyze the information and recommend an action. The manager can use the remaining chips first, then look at demand forecast, and determine whether to order more chips.
There are four reasons why timely and accurate information has become more important for effective logistics system design and operations. First, customers recognize information about order status, product availability, delivery schedule, and shipment tracking as necessary elements of total customer service. Then, managers realize that information can be used to reduce human resource requirements. What’s more, information increases flexibility with regard to how, when, and where resources may be used to gain strategic advantage. And finally, enhanced information transfer and exchange capability using the Internet is changing relationships between buyers and sellers and refining channel relationships.
1.Information is so important that .回答
A. it provides the facts that supply chain managers use to make decisions
B. managers can only make decisions blindly without it
C. managers will know nothing without it
2.Information technology.回答
A. could be used to gather and deliver information to make decisions
B. can be used to determine whether to order more chips
C. is necessary to make a good decision
3.Information can.回答
A. help customers to know many things but not product availability.
B. not be used to reduce human resource requirements
C. help to refine channel relationships
4.If you are a manager, you will use information to .回答
A. order more chips
B. help improve customer service
C. know which staff is not on duty and should be laid off
5.The main point of this passage is about.回答
A. how to use information
B. the importance of information
C. where to gather information
阅读下面的文章，根据文章内容给题目选择正确的答案。
No matter how small your business is and what industry you are in, your company has assets. From a computer to a processing plant, every single thing your company owns is an asset.
Assets can be in different forms. Some assets are physical, such as computers, filing cabinets, and delivery vans. Others are legally binding promises, such as accounts receivable, the money owed to your company. Still others seem to exist more on paper, for example, a year’s worth of insurance paid in advance. No matter what form it takes, anything with monetary value that your company owns counts as an asset.
Assets appear on your balance sheet, reporting the key financial statements at the end of each accounting period. Your assets will be split into different types to make analysis easier. The order in which you list them on the balance sheet typically matches the way they appear in your chart of accounts.
Assets do more than just show up on reports, though. They are the resources your company uses to produce revenue. Your business cannot bring in sales without assets. For product-based businesses, you can’t produce anything without proper assets. It’s true for service companies as well. At least, you have to have cash to pay your expenses and to help get the word out that your company exists. Service companies also need basic tools to provide service to customers: a hair stylist needs a chair, scissors, and styling tools; an accountant needs a computer and a lot of file cabinets. Assets are key factors for any business.
1. Which of the following is NOT physical asset?回答
A. Filing cabinets.
B. Accounts receivable.
C. Delivery vans.
2. According to the passage, where do the assets appear?回答
A. The balance sheet
B. The income statement
C. The cash flow
3. What do you think an accountant is responsible for?回答
A. An accountant is responsible for hair design.
B. An accountant is responsible for computer repair.
C. An accountant is responsible for bookkeeping.
4. According to the passage, which of the following is INCORRECT?回答
A. Every business has assets
B. Assets can be in different forms.
C. Every businesscan bring in sales without assets.
5. What is the passage discussing about?回答
A. Every business has assets.
B. Assets can be in different forms.
C. Assets appear on the balance sheet.