出自:2024年国家开放大学答案
Two hundred years ago, it took several weeks for the news of the important Battle of Trafalgar to reach London. Nowadays, you can watch a terrorist attack as it happens anywhere in the world. The communications revolution means that we are constantly bombarded with instant news. This has great advantages, but it also raises important questions.
Satellites have enabled immediate reporting worldwide. A reporter can send the news to a network like CBS News and within seconds it can be all over the world. They send electronic reports that go straight into the newspaper or onto the TV screen. Reporters can now also transmit images through their mobile phones. Consequently, live, “on-the-spot” reporting has become the norm and TV viewers can get a much better idea of what a natural disaster, a conflict or an interesting scientific discovery is like.
In recent years, several changes have occurred in the ownership of news media. Networks owned by large companies and governments have become bigger and very powerful. These networks – such as BBC News 24 – are hungry for news and have huge audiences. However, there can only be a limited number of such networks and their ownership is a big issue.
Some companies not only own TV and radio networks but newspaper groups as well. Who decides what news to publish and what sort of “spin” to put on it Is it always objective There are now “spin doctors” who manipulate the news, emphasising certain parts and not others – and as a result, much of it is not neutral. Therefore, the question of control of the media matters very much. In some cases, the media companies are more powerful than governments. They can even influence elections. So the question is – should they be controlled and if so, by whom
操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
Immediate reporting has become possible all over the world because of 1 .
A.reporters B. the use of news networks
C. the use of satellites D. the communications revolution
2. 2 has become the norm.
A.Electronic reports
B.Instant news
C.Live reporting
D.Transmitting images through mobile phones
3. In what ways are media companies powerful 3 .
A.They can influence elections in some way
B.Nowadays, the manipulation of news reports is possible
C.They not only own TV and radio networks but newspaper groups as well
D.All of the above.
4. According to the passage, the big issue is 4 .
A.ownership of news networks
B.that there can only be a limited number of such networks like BBC News 24
C.that networks owned by large companies and governments have become bigger and very powerful
D.that the news reporting is manipulated by big companies
5.What can be inferred from this passage 5 .
A.The disadvantages of the communications revolution outweigh its advantages
B.We should put the question of control of the media on the agenda
C.The news reporting has always been objective
D.A reporter can send news directly to the audiences all over the world__1__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C
.D
<p class="p1">阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误。<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;">Create a Positive Workplace Culture<p class="p1"> In competitive markets, leaders are under increased pressure to maintain a positive work culture. A positive work culture cultivates greater employee satisfaction; greater employee satisfaction contributes to higher performance; higher performance impacts improved client outcomes; improved client outcomes contribute to service excellence.<p class="p1"> Positive work cultures are built over time and need constant attention. Such cultures are dependent on leadership vision and values.<p class="p1"> An effective leader sets the tone for the team, encourages a positive workplace culture and is able to bring about cultural change.<p class="p1"> Workplace culture is made up of the shared attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, values and expectations that influence the way people work in the workplace. It is “the way we do things around here”.<p class="p1"> Some cultural aspects are understood by all and are obvious such as turning up for wok on time, while others may be "unwritten rules" that are not so obvious for example how personal issues areresolved with work colleagues.<p class="p1"> Many factors that influence whether a workplace has a positive outlook are within the control of people who work in a workplace. There are also factors out of their control, such as slumps in global prices or a change in demand and supply. The company can, however,control how they respond to these factors.<p class="p1"> Those companies that do create positive workplace environments develop a reputation in their community as being ‘good to work for. and have a competitive edge. Not only are these companies more able to attract and retain people, they tend to be more stable as they proactively deal with issues and adapt to change.<p class="p1"> Teams work best when they are clear about what is expected of them. They are more able to deal with difficult issues if they feel the values of the organization are supportive of them.<p class="p1"> For a workplace culture to be positive, the direction and actions of the business must be consistent with the core values of the people in the workplace. The people must trust each other and be able to openly express and exchange ideas.<p class="p1"> Working through these steps will help with developing a positive business culture.<p class="p2"><p class="p1">操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。<p class="p1"> A positive work culture will give workers more satisfaction.1 <p class="p1">2. Positive cultures have a lot to do with leadership vision and values.2 <p class="p1">3. The direction and actions for the business must differ from the core values of the employees in order for a workplace culture to be positive.3 <p class="p1">4. In competitive markets, leaders are under more and more pressure to keep a positive work culture.4 <p class="p1">5. Positive work culture can be built in a short period of time.5 __5__(完形填空)
.T
.F
二、阅读理解：阅读下面的短文，根据文章内容从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
PPHC and Gooseneck are two organizations that do similar community work. Each has hired a new staff member to make contact with and provide services to new parents.
Elainehas accepted a job with PPHC. She has a degree in psychology but has never done this type of work before. On her first day, after showing her to her desk and introducing her tocolleagues, the director gives her a town map and a list of the names of the families she will be responsible for, and wishes her luck. After lunch, Elaine sets out to contact the families, worried about what she’ll do or say when she meets them.
Mark has a degree similar to Elaine’s, and has just been hired by Gooseneck. On his first day, he learns thathis job will consist of training for the next week. Mark spends two days going on family visits with experienced staff members, and discusses with them what they did and why. He role-plays some situations with other staff members, and gets some direct instruction from them. By the following week, when he’s on his own, he feels he has a pretty good idea of what he needs to do, and how to go about it. And he knows that his training will continue.
Which situation would you rather be in, being thrown into the thick of things with no trainingor being trained to preparefor the work you’re going to do
What are PPHC and Gooseneck1
A. They are two companies that do similar business.
B. They are two organizations that do different community work.
C. They are two organizations that do similar community work.
2. Which degree does Elaine have2
A. Psychology degree.
B. Physiology degree.
C. Sociology degree.
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage3
A. Elaine has done this type of community work so her organization doesn’t provide staff training.
B. Markhas a clear idea of his job after the training.
C. Mark knows his training comes to an end.
4. How is Mark trained to be prepared for his work4
A. Mark spends two days on family visits with experienced staff members and discuss with them.
B. Mark role-plays some situations with other staff members and gets some direct instruction from them.
C. Both A and B.
5. What is the main idea of the passage5
A. The importance of training.
B. Different training ways.
C. Elaine’s and Mark’s work experience.__5__(完形填空)
.A
.B
.C