出自:信阳师范大学英语语言学

The different phones which can represent a phoneme in different phonetic environment are called the ____ of that phoneme.
A.phones
B.sounds
C.phonemes
D.allophones
Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by ____ in 1957.
A.Bloomfield
B.Saussure
C.Chomsky
D.Halliday
Phrase structure rules allow us to better understand _____.
A.How words and phrases form sentences
B.What constitutes the grammaticality of strings of words
C.How people produce and recognize possible sentences
_____is a sub-field of linguistics that studies the sentence structure of language.
A.Morphology
B.Syntax
C.Lexical
D.semantics
The development of linguistic skills involves the acquisition of _____rules rather than the mere memorization of words and sentences.
A.Morphological
B.Grammatical
C.Linguistic
D.sound
According to Chomsky’s Standard theory, _______ contain all the information necessary for the semantic interpretation of sentence.
A.PS-rules
B.deep structure
C.Transitional rules
D.Surface structure
____ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.
A.Syntax
B.Grammar
C.Morphology
D.Morpheme
“-s” in the word “books” is ____.
A.a derivational affix
B.a stem
C.an inflectional affix
D.a root
There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix “ed” in the word “learned” is known as a(n) ____.
A.derivational affixes
B.free morpheme
C.inflectional affixes
D.free form
____ are added to an existing form to create a word, which is a very common way in English.
A.inflectional affixes
B.free morpheme
C.derivational affixes
D.stems
____ at the end of stems can modify the meaning of the original word and in many cases change its part of speech.
A.roots
B.prefixes
C.suffixes
D.free morphemes
Those that affect the syntactic category and the meaning of the root as well are ____.
A.stems
B.affixes
C.suffixes
D.prefixes
The number of the closed-class words is ____ and no new members are regularly added.
A.large
B.small
C.fixed
D.limitless
Unlike animal communication systems, human language is_____.
A.stimulus free
B.stimulus bound
C.under immediate stimulus control
D.stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest
Of all the speech organs, the ____ is / are the most flexible.
A.mouth
B.lips
C.tongue
D.vocal cords
Steress in English is used to ____ semantically important words,
A.signal
B.stand out
C.simplify
D.single
The soft palate is also called ____.
A.velum
B.uvula
C.alveolus
D.vocal cord
In the following four choices, ____ is a pair of homophone.
A.sight and site
B.lead (n.) and lead (v.)
C.wind (n.)and wind(v.)
D.blue and blown
A ____vowel is one that is produced with the front part of the tongue maintaining the highest position.
A.back
B.central
C.front
D.middle
___ can be simply defined as the speech sounds we use when speaking a language.
A.phones
B.sounds
C.phonemes
D.speech sounds
The feature that the details of the linguistics system must be learned anew refers to ____.
A.displacement
B.cultural transmission
C.schooling
D.studying
Language can be used to refer to contexts removed from the immediate situation of the speaker. This feature is called ____.
A.displacement
B.duality
C.flexibility
D.cultural transmission
According to F. de Saussure, ____ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
A.parole
B.performance
C.langue
D.language
A scientific study of language is based on the ____investigation of language data.
A.symbolic
B.systemic
C.systematic
D.system
which of the following is the most important function of language?
A.interpersonal function
B.performative function
C.informative function
D.recreational function
___ is advanced by Paul Grice.
A.Cooperative principle
B.The general principle of universal grammar
C.Politeness principle
D.Adjacency principle
_________ is concerned with the social significance of language variation and language use in different speech communities.
A.Psycholinguistics
B.Sociolinguistics
C.Historical linguistics
D.General linguistics
In some sense the existence of taboo words stimulates the creation of _______, serving as substitutes for the offensive language.
A.euphemisms
B.taboo expressions
C.address terms
D.slang terms
When a _____ comes to be adopted by a population as its primary language, and children learn it as their first language, it becomes a creole.（本题1.0分）
A.ligua franca
B.contact language
C.local language
D.pidgin
Sciolinguists have concentrated on the language used by an individual which is known as the ________.
A.dialect
B.sociolect
C.idiolect
D.idiot
There is a gradation of ________ ranging a continuum between two extremes of very formal and very informal.
A.dialect
B.register
C.variation
D.slang
The most important part of the brain is the outside surface of the brain, call __________.
A.the neurons
B.nerve pathways
C.cerebral cortex
D.sensory organs
Our linguistic ability is a ________ gift of the species. gene program.
A.chemical
B.physical
C.scientific
D.biological
As regards the relationship between language and thought, those who hold that thinking and speaking are the same activity are said to be ____________.
A.empiricists
B.behaviorists
C.mentalists
D.structuralists
The optimum age for second language acquision is _________.
A.early teenage
B.after puberty
C.before puberty
D.after the brain laterlization
Human linguistic ability largely depends on the structure and dynamics of ___________.
A.human brain
B.human vocal cords
C.human memory
D.human
A sentence is a _____ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.
A.Pragmatic
B.Grammatical
C.Mental
D.conceptual
____ does not study meaning in isolation, but in context.
A.Pragmatics
B.Semantics
C.Sense relation
D.concept
In the classic semantic triangle, the symbol or form refers to the linguistic elements, i.e., ______.
A.Things and reference
B.Thought and reference
C.Views and ideas
D.Words and phrases
The utterance “ we are already working 25 hours a day, eight days a week.” obviously violates the maxim of _____.
A.Quality
B.Quantity
C.Relation
D.Manner
All the speech acts that belong to the same category share the same purpose or the same ______, but they differ in their strength or force.
A.Illocutionary act
B.Illocutionary point
C.Locutionary act
D.Perlocutionary act
In Austin’s speech act theory, a(n) ____ act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something, in other words, the consequence of , or the change brought about by the utterance.
A.Speech
B.illocutionary
C.Perlocutionary
D.locutionary
______ act theory is an important theory in the pragmatic study of language.
A.Speaking
B.Speech
C.Sound
D.spoken
_____ resulted mainly from the expansion of the study of linguistics, especially that of semantics.
A.Pragmatics
B.Pragmatism
C.Phonology
D.pacticalism
The meaning of a word or phrase depends largely on the communicative _____.
A.Content
B.Context
C.Response
D.answer
If a sentence is regarded as what people actually utter in the course of communication, it becomes _____.
A.A sentence
B.An act
C.A unit
D.An utterance
“Alive” and “dead” are ____.
A.Gradable antonyms
B.Relational antonyms
C.Complementary antonyms
D.None of the above
_____ refers to the phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form, i.e., different words are identical in sound or spelling, or in both.
A.Polysemy
B.Hyponymy
C.Antonymy
D.homonymy
Semantic ____ is a process in which a word losses its former meaning and requires a new, sometimes related, meaning.
A.Broading
B.Shift
C.Narrowing
D.use
Sense and reference are two related _____ different aspects of meaning.
A.But
B.And
C.Or
D.As well as
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