出自:信阳师范大学英语语言学

The most distinguishable linguistic feature of a regional dialect is its ______.
A.use of words
B.use of structure
C.accent
D.morphemes
_______ means that certain authorites, such as the government choose, a particular speech variety, standardize it and spread the use of it across regional boundaries.
A.language interference
B.language change
C.language planning
D.language transfer
_____ ln a person.s speech or writing usually ranges on a continuum from casual or colloquial to formal or polite according to the type of communication.
A.regional variation
B.change in emotions
C.variation in connotations
D.stylistic variation
A linguistic ________ refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the "polite" society from general use.
A.slang
B.euphemism
C.jargon
D.taboo
In first language acquisition, imitation plays ______________.
A.a minor role
B.a significant role
C.a basic role
D.no rule
In general, the two-word stage begins roughly in the ______ half of the child.s second year.
A.early
B.late
C.first
D.second
In contrast with learning, ______ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.
A.interference
B.instruction
C.acquisition
D.correction
The _______ of the learner.s interlanguage is believed to be a major source of incorrect forms resistant to further instruction.
A.acculturation
B.fossilization
C.motivation
D.correction
The ___________ approach was founded on the belief that it was possible to predict what problems learners of a particular second language would face and the errors they would make by establishing the linguistic differences between the native and targer language systems.
A.erro analysis
B.contrastive analysis
C.componential analysis
D.historical and comparative linguistics
In first language acquisition children usually ________ grammatical rules from the linguistic information they hear.
A.use
B.accept
C.generalize
D.reconstruct
The affixes occurring at the beginning of a word are called p_____.
C____ is a process of combing two or more words into one lexical unit.
F____ morphemes are independent units of meaning and can be stood freely all by themselves.
Affixes like “im-”, “il-”, “un-”, “-tion”, “-or”, “-hood” are called d____ affixes.
I____ affixes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, degree, and case.
A s____ can be a bound root, a free morpheme, or a derived form itself to which a derivational affix can be added.
IPA stands for International Phonetic A____.
P____ is interested in the system of sounds of a particular language.
The long vowels are all t____ vowels and the short vowels are lax vowels.
When two different form are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two words are said to form a m____ pair.
Phonological rules that govern the combination of sounds in a particular language are called s____ rules.
Depending on the context in which stress is considered, there are two kinds of stress: word stress and s____ stress.
If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be d____.
Modern linguistics gives priority to the s____ form of language.
Linguistics is generally defined as the s____ study of language.
D____ means that language can be used to refer things which present of not present, real or imagined matters in the past, present, or future, or in faraway places.
The description of a language as it changes through time is a d____ study.
D____ is one of the design features of human language which refers to the phenomenon that language consists of two levels: a lower level of meaningless individual sounds and a higher level of meaningful units.
Language exists in time and change through time. The description of a language at some of point of time is called a s____ study of language.
Chomsky defines “competence” as the ideal user’s k____ of the rules of his language
Words and phrases are organized according to the syntactic c______.
In a tree diagram, the points at which the tree branches at various levels are called b_______ nodes.
P_______ structure rules allow us to better understand how words and phrases form sentences, and so on.
C_______ analysis is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be divided into meaning components.
The sequential order of words in a sentence suggests that the structure of a sentence is l__________.
S______ is a phenomenon in semantics, referring to the sameness or close similarity of meaning.
The term antonymy is used for oppositeness of meanings, words that are opposite in meaning are a______.
That the denial of one member of two words implies the assertion of the other is the characteristic of c_____ antonyms.
E______ is a relation of inclusion.
When two words are identical in sound, but different in spelling and meaning, they are called h_______.
R_______ is what a linguistic form refers to in the real world; it is a matter of the relationship between form and the reality.
H_____ are written identically but sound differently.
P______ can be defined as the study of how speakers of a language use sentence to affect successful communication.
Most of the violations of the four maxims give rise to c_______ implicatures.
There are four maxims under the cooperative principle: the maxim of q_______, the maxim of quality, the maxim of relation and the maxim of manner.
The notion of c________ is essential to the pragmatic study of language.
P______ were sentences that did not state a fact of describe a state, and were not verifiable.
A l_______ act is the act of uttering words, phrases, clauses. It is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology.
According to Chomsky, grammar is a mechanism that should be able to generate all and o____ the grammatical sentences of a language.
Terms like “desk” and “stool” are h____ of the term “furniture.”
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